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# frozen_string_literal: true ## # The Version class processes string versions into comparable # values. A version string should normally be a series of numbers # separated by periods. Each part (digits separated by periods) is # considered its own number, and these are used for sorting. So for # instance, 3.10 sorts higher than 3.2 because ten is greater than # two. # # If any part contains letters (currently only a-z are supported) then # that version is considered prerelease. Versions with a prerelease # part in the Nth part sort less than versions with N-1 # parts. Prerelease parts are sorted alphabetically using the normal # Ruby string sorting rules. If a prerelease part contains both # letters and numbers, it will be broken into multiple parts to # provide expected sort behavior (1.0.a10 becomes 1.0.a.10, and is # greater than 1.0.a9). # # Prereleases sort between real releases (newest to oldest): # # 1. 1.0 # 2. 1.0.b1 # 3. 1.0.a.2 # 4. 0.9 # # If you want to specify a version restriction that includes both prereleases # and regular releases of the 1.x series this is the best way: # # s.add_dependency 'example', '>= 1.0.0.a', '< 2.0.0' # # == How Software Changes # # Users expect to be able to specify a version constraint that gives them # some reasonable expectation that new versions of a library will work with # their software if the version constraint is true, and not work with their # software if the version constraint is false. In other words, the perfect # system will accept all compatible versions of the library and reject all # incompatible versions. # # Libraries change in 3 ways (well, more than 3, but stay focused here!). # # 1. The change may be an implementation detail only and have no effect on # the client software. # 2. The change may add new features, but do so in a way that client software # written to an earlier version is still compatible. # 3. The change may change the public interface of the library in such a way # that old software is no longer compatible. # # Some examples are appropriate at this point. Suppose I have a Stack class # that supports a <tt>push</tt> and a <tt>pop</tt> method. # # === Examples of Category 1 changes: # # * Switch from an array based implementation to a linked-list based # implementation. # * Provide an automatic (and transparent) backing store for large stacks. # # === Examples of Category 2 changes might be: # # * Add a <tt>depth</tt> method to return the current depth of the stack. # * Add a <tt>top</tt> method that returns the current top of stack (without # changing the stack). # * Change <tt>push</tt> so that it returns the item pushed (previously it # had no usable return value). # # === Examples of Category 3 changes might be: # # * Changes <tt>pop</tt> so that it no longer returns a value (you must use # <tt>top</tt> to get the top of the stack). # * Rename the methods to <tt>push_item</tt> and <tt>pop_item</tt>. # # == RubyGems Rational Versioning # # * Versions shall be represented by three non-negative integers, separated # by periods (e.g. 3.1.4). The first integers is the "major" version # number, the second integer is the "minor" version number, and the third # integer is the "build" number. # # * A category 1 change (implementation detail) will increment the build # number. # # * A category 2 change (backwards compatible) will increment the minor # version number and reset the build number. # # * A category 3 change (incompatible) will increment the major build number # and reset the minor and build numbers. # # * Any "public" release of a gem should have a different version. Normally # that means incrementing the build number. This means a developer can # generate builds all day long, but as soon as they make a public release, # the version must be updated. # # === Examples # # Let's work through a project lifecycle using our Stack example from above. # # Version 0.0.1:: The initial Stack class is release. # Version 0.0.2:: Switched to a linked=list implementation because it is # cooler. # Version 0.1.0:: Added a <tt>depth</tt> method. # Version 1.0.0:: Added <tt>top</tt> and made <tt>pop</tt> return nil # (<tt>pop</tt> used to return the old top item). # Version 1.1.0:: <tt>push</tt> now returns the value pushed (it used it # return nil). # Version 1.1.1:: Fixed a bug in the linked list implementation. # Version 1.1.2:: Fixed a bug introduced in the last fix. # # Client A needs a stack with basic push/pop capability. They write to the # original interface (no <tt>top</tt>), so their version constraint looks like: # # gem 'stack', '>= 0.0' # # Essentially, any version is OK with Client A. An incompatible change to # the library will cause them grief, but they are willing to take the chance # (we call Client A optimistic). # # Client B is just like Client A except for two things: (1) They use the # <tt>depth</tt> method and (2) they are worried about future # incompatibilities, so they write their version constraint like this: # # gem 'stack', '~> 0.1' # # The <tt>depth</tt> method was introduced in version 0.1.0, so that version # or anything later is fine, as long as the version stays below version 1.0 # where incompatibilities are introduced. We call Client B pessimistic # because they are worried about incompatible future changes (it is OK to be # pessimistic!). # # == Preventing Version Catastrophe: # # From: http://blog.zenspider.com/2008/10/rubygems-howto-preventing-cata.html # # Let's say you're depending on the fnord gem version 2.y.z. If you # specify your dependency as ">= 2.0.0" then, you're good, right? What # happens if fnord 3.0 comes out and it isn't backwards compatible # with 2.y.z? Your stuff will break as a result of using ">=". The # better route is to specify your dependency with an "approximate" version # specifier ("~>"). They're a tad confusing, so here is how the dependency # specifiers work: # # Specification From ... To (exclusive) # ">= 3.0" 3.0 ... ∞ # "~> 3.0" 3.0 ... 4.0 # "~> 3.0.0" 3.0.0 ... 3.1 # "~> 3.5" 3.5 ... 4.0 # "~> 3.5.0" 3.5.0 ... 3.6 # "~> 3" 3.0 ... 4.0 # # For the last example, single-digit versions are automatically extended with # a zero to give a sensible result. class Gem::Version autoload :Requirement, File.expand_path('requirement', __dir__) include Comparable VERSION_PATTERN = '[0-9]+(?>\.[0-9a-zA-Z]+)*(-[0-9A-Za-z-]+(\.[0-9A-Za-z-]+)*)?'.freeze # :nodoc: ANCHORED_VERSION_PATTERN = /\A\s*(#{VERSION_PATTERN})?\s*\z/.freeze # :nodoc: ## # A string representation of this Version. def version @version.dup end alias to_s version ## # True if the +version+ string matches RubyGems' requirements. def self.correct?(version) unless Gem::Deprecate.skip warn "nil versions are discouraged and will be deprecated in Rubygems 4" if version.nil? end !!(version.to_s =~ ANCHORED_VERSION_PATTERN) end ## # Factory method to create a Version object. Input may be a Version # or a String. Intended to simplify client code. # # ver1 = Version.create('1.3.17') # -> (Version object) # ver2 = Version.create(ver1) # -> (ver1) # ver3 = Version.create(nil) # -> nil def self.create(input) if self === input # check yourself before you wreck yourself input elsif input.nil? nil else new input end end @@all = {} @@bump = {} @@release = {} def self.new(version) # :nodoc: return super unless Gem::Version == self @@all[version] ||= super end ## # Constructs a Version from the +version+ string. A version string is a # series of digits or ASCII letters separated by dots. def initialize(version) unless self.class.correct?(version) raise ArgumentError, "Malformed version number string #{version}" end # If version is an empty string convert it to 0 version = 0 if version.is_a?(String) && version =~ /\A\s*\Z/ @version = version.to_s.strip.gsub("-",".pre.") @segments = nil end ## # Return a new version object where the next to the last revision # number is one greater (e.g., 5.3.1 => 5.4). # # Pre-release (alpha) parts, e.g, 5.3.1.b.2 => 5.4, are ignored. def bump @@bump[self] ||= begin segments = self.segments segments.pop while segments.any? { |s| String === s } segments.pop if segments.size > 1 segments[-1] = segments[-1].succ self.class.new segments.join(".") end end ## # A Version is only eql? to another version if it's specified to the # same precision. Version "1.0" is not the same as version "1". def eql?(other) self.class === other and @version == other._version end def hash # :nodoc: canonical_segments.hash end def init_with(coder) # :nodoc: yaml_initialize coder.tag, coder.map end def inspect # :nodoc: "#<#{self.class} #{version.inspect}>" end ## # Dump only the raw version string, not the complete object. It's a # string for backwards (RubyGems 1.3.5 and earlier) compatibility. def marshal_dump [version] end ## # Load custom marshal format. It's a string for backwards (RubyGems # 1.3.5 and earlier) compatibility. def marshal_load(array) initialize array[0] end def yaml_initialize(tag, map) # :nodoc: @version = map['version'] @segments = nil @hash = nil end def to_yaml_properties # :nodoc: ["@version"] end def encode_with(coder) # :nodoc: coder.add 'version', @version end ## # A version is considered a prerelease if it contains a letter. def prerelease? unless instance_variable_defined? :@prerelease @prerelease = !!(@version =~ /[a-zA-Z]/) end @prerelease end def pretty_print(q) # :nodoc: q.text "Gem::Version.new(#{version.inspect})" end ## # The release for this version (e.g. 1.2.0.a -> 1.2.0). # Non-prerelease versions return themselves. def release @@release[self] ||= if prerelease? segments = self.segments segments.pop while segments.any? { |s| String === s } self.class.new segments.join('.') else self end end def segments # :nodoc: _segments.dup end ## # A recommended version for use with a ~> Requirement. def approximate_recommendation segments = self.segments segments.pop while segments.any? { |s| String === s } segments.pop while segments.size > 2 segments.push 0 while segments.size < 2 recommendation = "~> #{segments.join(".")}" recommendation += ".a" if prerelease? recommendation end ## # Compares this version with +other+ returning -1, 0, or 1 if the # other version is larger, the same, or smaller than this # one. Attempts to compare to something that's not a # <tt>Gem::Version</tt> return +nil+. def <=>(other) return unless Gem::Version === other return 0 if @version == other._version || canonical_segments == other.canonical_segments lhsegments = canonical_segments rhsegments = other.canonical_segments lhsize = lhsegments.size rhsize = rhsegments.size limit = (lhsize > rhsize ? lhsize : rhsize) - 1 i = 0 while i <= limit lhs, rhs = lhsegments[i] || 0, rhsegments[i] || 0 i += 1 next if lhs == rhs return -1 if String === lhs && Numeric === rhs return 1 if Numeric === lhs && String === rhs return lhs <=> rhs end return 0 end def canonical_segments @canonical_segments ||= _split_segments.map! do |segments| segments.reverse_each.drop_while {|s| s == 0 }.reverse end.reduce(&:concat) end def freeze prerelease? canonical_segments super end protected def _version @version end def _segments # segments is lazy so it can pick up version values that come from # old marshaled versions, which don't go through marshal_load. # since this version object is cached in @@all, its @segments should be frozen @segments ||= @version.scan(/[0-9]+|[a-z]+/i).map do |s| /^\d+$/ =~ s ? s.to_i : s end.freeze end def _split_segments string_start = _segments.index {|s| s.is_a?(String) } string_segments = segments numeric_segments = string_segments.slice!(0, string_start || string_segments.size) return numeric_segments, string_segments end end