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Basic usage
***********
Use the nosetests script (after installation by setuptools):
nosetests [options] [(optional) test files or directories]
In addition to passing command-line options, you may also put
configuration options in a .noserc or nose.cfg file in your home
directory. These are standard .ini-style config files. Put your
nosetests configuration in a [nosetests] section, with the -- prefix
removed:
[nosetests]
verbosity=3
with-doctest=1
There is also possiblity to disable configuration files loading (might
be useful when runnig i.e. tox and you don't want your global nose
config file to be used by tox). In order to ignore those configuration
files simply set an environment variable "NOSE_IGNORE_CONFIG_FILES".
There are several other ways to use the nose test runner besides the
*nosetests* script. You may use nose in a test script:
import nose
nose.main()
If you don't want the test script to exit with 0 on success and 1 on
failure (like unittest.main), use nose.run() instead:
import nose
result = nose.run()
*result* will be true if the test run succeeded, or false if any test
failed or raised an uncaught exception. Lastly, you can run nose.core
directly, which will run nose.main():
python /path/to/nose/core.py
Please see the usage message for the nosetests script for information
about how to control which tests nose runs, which plugins are loaded,
and the test output.
Extended usage
==============
nose collects tests automatically from python source files,
directories and packages found in its working directory (which
defaults to the current working directory). Any python source file,
directory or package that matches the testMatch regular expression (by
default: *(?:^|[b_.-])[Tt]est)* will be collected as a test (or source
for collection of tests). In addition, all other packages found in the
working directory will be examined for python source files or
directories that match testMatch. Package discovery descends all the
way down the tree, so package.tests and package.sub.tests and
package.sub.sub2.tests will all be collected.
Within a test directory or package, any python source file matching
testMatch will be examined for test cases. Within a test module,
functions and classes whose names match testMatch and TestCase
subclasses with any name will be loaded and executed as tests. Tests
may use the assert keyword or raise AssertionErrors to indicate test
failure. TestCase subclasses may do the same or use the various
TestCase methods available.
**It is important to note that the default behavior of nose is to not
include tests from files which are executable.** To include tests
from such files, remove their executable bit or use the --exe flag
(see 'Options' section below).
Selecting Tests
---------------
To specify which tests to run, pass test names on the command line:
nosetests only_test_this.py
Test names specified may be file or module names, and may optionally
indicate the test case to run by separating the module or file name
from the test case name with a colon. Filenames may be relative or
absolute. Examples:
nosetests test.module
nosetests another.test:TestCase.test_method
nosetests a.test:TestCase
nosetests /path/to/test/file.py:test_function
You may also change the working directory where nose looks for tests
by using the -w switch:
nosetests -w /path/to/tests
Note, however, that support for multiple -w arguments is now
deprecated and will be removed in a future release. As of nose 0.10,
you can get the same behavior by specifying the target directories
*without* the -w switch:
nosetests /path/to/tests /another/path/to/tests
Further customization of test selection and loading is possible
through the use of plugins.
Test result output is identical to that of unittest, except for the
additional features (error classes, and plugin-supplied features such
as output capture and assert introspection) detailed in the options
below.
Configuration
-------------
In addition to passing command-line options, you may also put
configuration options in your project's *setup.cfg* file, or a .noserc
or nose.cfg file in your home directory. In any of these standard ini-
style config files, you put your nosetests configuration in a
"[nosetests]" section. Options are the same as on the command line,
with the -- prefix removed. For options that are simple switches, you
must supply a value:
[nosetests]
verbosity=3
with-doctest=1
All configuration files that are found will be loaded and their
options combined. You can override the standard config file loading
with the "-c" option.
Using Plugins
-------------
There are numerous nose plugins available via easy_install and
elsewhere. To use a plugin, just install it. The plugin will add
command line options to nosetests. To verify that the plugin is
installed, run:
nosetests --plugins
You can add -v or -vv to that command to show more information about
each plugin.
If you are running nose.main() or nose.run() from a script, you can
specify a list of plugins to use by passing a list of plugins with the
plugins keyword argument.
0.9 plugins
-----------
nose 1.0 can use SOME plugins that were written for nose 0.9. The
default plugin manager inserts a compatibility wrapper around 0.9
plugins that adapts the changed plugin api calls. However, plugins
that access nose internals are likely to fail, especially if they
attempt to access test case or test suite classes. For example,
plugins that try to determine if a test passed to startTest is an
individual test or a suite will fail, partly because suites are no
longer passed to startTest and partly because it's likely that the
plugin is trying to find out if the test is an instance of a class
that no longer exists.
0.10 and 0.11 plugins
---------------------
All plugins written for nose 0.10 and 0.11 should work with nose 1.0.
Options
-------
-V, --version
Output nose version and exit
-p, --plugins
Output list of available plugins and exit. Combine with higher
verbosity for greater detail
-v=DEFAULT, --verbose=DEFAULT
Be more verbose. [NOSE_VERBOSE]
--verbosity=VERBOSITY
Set verbosity; --verbosity=2 is the same as -v
-q=DEFAULT, --quiet=DEFAULT
Be less verbose
-c=FILES, --config=FILES
Load configuration from config file(s). May be specified multiple
times; in that case, all config files will be loaded and combined
-w=WHERE, --where=WHERE
Look for tests in this directory. May be specified multiple times.
The first directory passed will be used as the working directory,
in place of the current working directory, which is the default.
Others will be added to the list of tests to execute. [NOSE_WHERE]
--py3where=PY3WHERE
Look for tests in this directory under Python 3.x. Functions the
same as 'where', but only applies if running under Python 3.x or
above. Note that, if present under 3.x, this option completely
replaces any directories specified with 'where', so the 'where'
option becomes ineffective. [NOSE_PY3WHERE]
-m=REGEX, --match=REGEX, --testmatch=REGEX
Files, directories, function names, and class names that match this
regular expression are considered tests. Default:
(?:^|[b_./-])[Tt]est [NOSE_TESTMATCH]
--tests=NAMES
Run these tests (comma-separated list). This argument is useful
mainly from configuration files; on the command line, just pass the
tests to run as additional arguments with no switch.
-l=DEFAULT, --debug=DEFAULT
Activate debug logging for one or more systems. Available debug
loggers: nose, nose.importer, nose.inspector, nose.plugins,
nose.result and nose.selector. Separate multiple names with a
comma.
--debug-log=FILE
Log debug messages to this file (default: sys.stderr)
--logging-config=FILE, --log-config=FILE
Load logging config from this file -- bypasses all other logging
config settings.
-I=REGEX, --ignore-files=REGEX
Completely ignore any file that matches this regular expression.
Takes precedence over any other settings or plugins. Specifying
this option will replace the default setting. Specify this option
multiple times to add more regular expressions [NOSE_IGNORE_FILES]
-e=REGEX, --exclude=REGEX
Don't run tests that match regular expression [NOSE_EXCLUDE]
-i=REGEX, --include=REGEX
This regular expression will be applied to files, directories,
function names, and class names for a chance to include additional
tests that do not match TESTMATCH. Specify this option multiple
times to add more regular expressions [NOSE_INCLUDE]
-x, --stop
Stop running tests after the first error or failure
-P, --no-path-adjustment
Don't make any changes to sys.path when loading tests [NOSE_NOPATH]
--exe
Look for tests in python modules that are executable. Normal
behavior is to exclude executable modules, since they may not be
import-safe [NOSE_INCLUDE_EXE]
--noexe
DO NOT look for tests in python modules that are executable. (The
default on the windows platform is to do so.)
--traverse-namespace
Traverse through all path entries of a namespace package
--first-package-wins, --first-pkg-wins, --1st-pkg-wins
nose's importer will normally evict a package from sys.modules if
it sees a package with the same name in a different location. Set
this option to disable that behavior.
--no-byte-compile
Prevent nose from byte-compiling the source into .pyc files while
nose is scanning for and running tests.
-a=ATTR, --attr=ATTR
Run only tests that have attributes specified by ATTR [NOSE_ATTR]
-A=EXPR, --eval-attr=EXPR
Run only tests for whose attributes the Python expression EXPR
evaluates to True [NOSE_EVAL_ATTR]
-s, --nocapture
Don't capture stdout (any stdout output will be printed
immediately) [NOSE_NOCAPTURE]
--nologcapture
Disable logging capture plugin. Logging configuration will be left
intact. [NOSE_NOLOGCAPTURE]
--logging-format=FORMAT
Specify custom format to print statements. Uses the same format as
used by standard logging handlers. [NOSE_LOGFORMAT]
--logging-datefmt=FORMAT
Specify custom date/time format to print statements. Uses the same
format as used by standard logging handlers. [NOSE_LOGDATEFMT]
--logging-filter=FILTER
Specify which statements to filter in/out. By default, everything
is captured. If the output is too verbose, use this option to
filter out needless output. Example: filter=foo will capture
statements issued ONLY to foo or foo.what.ever.sub but not foobar
or other logger. Specify multiple loggers with comma:
filter=foo,bar,baz. If any logger name is prefixed with a minus, eg
filter=-foo, it will be excluded rather than included. Default:
exclude logging messages from nose itself (-nose). [NOSE_LOGFILTER]
--logging-clear-handlers
Clear all other logging handlers
--logging-level=DEFAULT
Set the log level to capture
--with-coverage
Enable plugin Coverage: Activate a coverage report using Ned
Batchelder's coverage module. [NOSE_WITH_COVERAGE]
--cover-package=PACKAGE
Restrict coverage output to selected packages [NOSE_COVER_PACKAGE]
--cover-erase
Erase previously collected coverage statistics before run
--cover-tests
Include test modules in coverage report [NOSE_COVER_TESTS]
--cover-min-percentage=DEFAULT
Minimum percentage of coverage for tests to pass
[NOSE_COVER_MIN_PERCENTAGE]
--cover-inclusive
Include all python files under working directory in coverage
report. Useful for discovering holes in test coverage if not all
files are imported by the test suite. [NOSE_COVER_INCLUSIVE]
--cover-html
Produce HTML coverage information
--cover-html-dir=DIR
Produce HTML coverage information in dir
--cover-branches
Include branch coverage in coverage report [NOSE_COVER_BRANCHES]
--cover-xml
Produce XML coverage information
--cover-xml-file=FILE
Produce XML coverage information in file
--pdb
Drop into debugger on failures or errors
--pdb-failures
Drop into debugger on failures
--pdb-errors
Drop into debugger on errors
--no-deprecated
Disable special handling of DeprecatedTest exceptions.
--with-doctest
Enable plugin Doctest: Activate doctest plugin to find and run
doctests in non-test modules. [NOSE_WITH_DOCTEST]
--doctest-tests
Also look for doctests in test modules. Note that classes, methods
and functions should have either doctests or non-doctest tests, not
both. [NOSE_DOCTEST_TESTS]
--doctest-extension=EXT
Also look for doctests in files with this extension
[NOSE_DOCTEST_EXTENSION]
--doctest-result-variable=VAR
Change the variable name set to the result of the last interpreter
command from the default '_'. Can be used to avoid conflicts with
the _() function used for text translation.
[NOSE_DOCTEST_RESULT_VAR]
--doctest-fixtures=SUFFIX
Find fixtures for a doctest file in module with this name appended
to the base name of the doctest file
--doctest-options=OPTIONS
Specify options to pass to doctest. Eg.
'+ELLIPSIS,+NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE'
--with-isolation
Enable plugin IsolationPlugin: Activate the isolation plugin to
isolate changes to external modules to a single test module or
package. The isolation plugin resets the contents of sys.modules
after each test module or package runs to its state before the
test. PLEASE NOTE that this plugin should not be used with the
coverage plugin, or in any other case where module reloading may
produce undesirable side-effects. [NOSE_WITH_ISOLATION]
-d, --detailed-errors, --failure-detail
Add detail to error output by attempting to evaluate failed asserts
[NOSE_DETAILED_ERRORS]
--with-profile
Enable plugin Profile: Use this plugin to run tests using the
hotshot profiler. [NOSE_WITH_PROFILE]
--profile-sort=SORT
Set sort order for profiler output
--profile-stats-file=FILE
Profiler stats file; default is a new temp file on each run
--profile-restrict=RESTRICT
Restrict profiler output. See help for pstats.Stats for details
--no-skip
Disable special handling of SkipTest exceptions.
--with-id
Enable plugin TestId: Activate to add a test id (like #1) to each
test name output. Activate with --failed to rerun failing tests
only. [NOSE_WITH_ID]
--id-file=FILE
Store test ids found in test runs in this file. Default is the file
.noseids in the working directory.
--failed
Run the tests that failed in the last test run.
--processes=NUM
Spread test run among this many processes. Set a number equal to
the number of processors or cores in your machine for best results.
Pass a negative number to have the number of processes
automatically set to the number of cores. Passing 0 means to
disable parallel testing. Default is 0 unless NOSE_PROCESSES is
set. [NOSE_PROCESSES]
--process-timeout=SECONDS
Set timeout for return of results from each test runner process.
Default is 10. [NOSE_PROCESS_TIMEOUT]
--process-restartworker
If set, will restart each worker process once their tests are done,
this helps control memory leaks from killing the system.
[NOSE_PROCESS_RESTARTWORKER]
--with-xunit
Enable plugin Xunit: This plugin provides test results in the
standard XUnit XML format. [NOSE_WITH_XUNIT]
--xunit-file=FILE
Path to xml file to store the xunit report in. Default is
nosetests.xml in the working directory [NOSE_XUNIT_FILE]
--xunit-testsuite-name=PACKAGE
Name of the testsuite in the xunit xml, generated by plugin.
Default test suite name is nosetests.
--all-modules
Enable plugin AllModules: Collect tests from all python modules.
[NOSE_ALL_MODULES]
--collect-only
Enable collect-only: Collect and output test names only, don't run
any tests. [COLLECT_ONLY]
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